Natural Gas Market
9Turkey's Distribution of Gas Imports On a Resource Basis (2010 – 2020) |
||||
| Source | 2010 (bcm) | 2010 (percent) | 2020 (million Sm³) | 2020 (percent) |
|
Russia |
17,576 |
%46,2 |
16,178 |
%33 |
|
Iranian |
7,765 |
%20,4 |
5,321 |
%11 |
|
Azerbaijan |
4,521 |
%11,9 |
11,548 |
%24 |
|
LNG (Algeria + Nigeria + Spot) |
8,174 |
%21,5 |
15,078 |
%32 |
|
TOTAL |
38,036 |
%100,0 |
48,126 |
%100,0 |
Turkey's Gas Import Agreements |
|||||
| Agreement | Signiture Date | Operation Date | Year | Volume (Plato – billion cubic meters / year) |
End Date |
| Nigeria (LNG) | 1995 | 1999 | 22 | 1,2 | 2021 |
| Iranian | 1996 | 2001 | 25 | 10 | 2026 |
| Algeria (LNG) | 1988 | 1994 | 27 | 4 | 2021 |
| Russia (Blue Stream) | 1997 | 2003 | 25 | 16 | 2028 |
| Russia (Balkan Route) | 1998 | 1998 | 23 | 8 | 2021 |
| Russia (Balkan Route) | 1998 | 1998 | 23 | 4 | 2021 |
| Russia (Balkan Rotası) | 2013 | 2013 | 23 | 1 | 2036 |
| Russia (Balkan Route) | 2013 | 2013 | 30 | 5 | 2043 |
| Turkmenistan | 1999 | - - - - - - | 30 | 16 | - - - |
| Azerbaijan | 2001 | 2007 | 15 | 6,6 | 2021 |
Natural Gas Production Statistics in Turkey |
|||||
| Average Daily Production (2020) | 1.250 thousand Sm3 | ||||
| Natural Gas Consumption (2020) | 48,261 billion Sm3 | ||||
| Rate of Production Meeting Consumption (2020) | %0,91 | ||||
| Cumulative Production (1954-2020) | 17,072 billion Sm3 | ||||
| Generable Reserve (2020) | 3,004 billion Sm3 | ||||
1970- In Kırklareli, the first gas is explored in 1970 and consumed in Pınarhisar Cement factory in 1976.
1974 - The Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO) established BOTAŞ (Boru Hatları ile Petrol Taşıma A.Ş.) by Decree No 7/7871
- For transporting Iraqi crude oil to Turkey
1984 - Cabinet Decision No. 84/8806
- First agreement for natural gas import signed with USSR
1985 - Articles of Association of BOTAŞ formed
- Following the Decree on Public Economic Enterprises No. 233
1986 - Natural gas export-import agreement signed with Soyuzgaz export-USSR
1987 – First gas import to Turkey was realized
1988 - Natural gas was introduced to houses and industry in Ankara
- LNG agreement signed with Algeria
1990 - The framework about the usage of natural gas was defined by KHK 397
1992 - First natural gas delivery to Istanbul & Bursa
1994 - Marmara Ereğlisi -BOTAŞ LNG Terminal went online
1995 - BOTAŞ was restructured as a Corporation, State Economic Enterprise
- LNG agreement signed with Nigeria
1996 - First natural gas delivery to İzmit & Eskişehir
- GPA signed with Iran
1997 - GPA signed with Russia (Blue Stream)
1998 - GPA signed with Russia (West)
1999 - GPA signed with Turkmenistan
2001 - Natural Gas Market Law No. 4646 enacted
- First gas delivery from Iran
- GPA signed with Azerbaijan
2002 - First natural gas delivery from Blue Stream Pipeline from Russia
2005 - Turkey-Greece natural gas pipeline construction started
- Contract release tenders for 4 bcm of the contract with Russia:
• Shell Energy: 250 million m³
• Bosphorus Gaz: 750 million m³
• Enerco Enerji: 2.500 million m³
• Avrasya Gaz: 500 million m³
- For the first time, private sector companies negotiated with Gazprom Export instead of BOTAŞ
2006 - Aliağa - EGEGAZ LNG Terminal went online
2007 - TPAO Storage Facility in Silivri
- 2005 contract release tenders awarded
- Shell Energy is the the first private importer and Aksa is the first private shipper
- First natural gas export from Turkey to Greece
- Two private shippers
2008 - Cost based pricing decree
- Shell is the first private importer as of January 2008
2009 - The share of the private sector increased to 4 bcm
- 4 private importers and other wholesale companies
2010 - Access code enacted granting third parties access to LNG terminals
2012 - Third party access to TPAO Silivri through enacted Access code
- Signature for new private importers adding up to 6 bcm/yr:
• Akfel: 2250 million m³
• Bosphorus Gaz: 1750 million m³
• Batı Hattı: 1000 million m³
• Kibar Holding: 1000 million m³
2013 - Gas flow started for 2012 contracts (6 bcm/yr)
- SOCAR begins selling 1200 million m³
- 28 private shippers
2015 – TANAP
- The number of distribution regions has reached 66.
2016 – The first FSRU Project was launched in private sector.
- Silivri Storage Facility capacity increase continued.
- LNG Terminal capacity building effort increased
- Silivri natural gas storage facility has been assigned to BOTAS.
- Feasibility studies for the new FSRU Projects are ongoing.
- Tuz Gölü Underground Natural Gas Storage Facility has begun.
- Legislation studies for Organize Wholesale Natural Gas Sales Market to be established under EXIST are continuing.
- Tender processes have been completed in order to deliver natural gas to all cities
- Total of Private 35 Shippers Companies operate in the system.
2017 – Feasibility studies for the new FSRU Projects are ongoing.
- Tuz Gölü Underground Natural Gas Storage Facility has begun gas filling.
- Legislation studies for Organize Wholesale Natural Gas Sales Market to be established under EXIST are continuing.
- Tender processes have been completed for the delivery of all natural gas.
- Currently 35 Shippers are operating in the system.
2018 – New FSRU Projects have begun operations.
- Organized Wholesale Market was commissioned.
Sources: Republic of Turkey General Directorate of Petroleum Affairs, Republic of Turkey Energy Market Regulatory Authority, BP Energy Outlook
